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1.
J. appl. oral sci ; 27: e20180453, 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1012522

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective This study was designed for the chemical activation of a 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bleaching gel to increase its whitening effectiveness and reduce its toxicity. Methodology First, the bleaching gel - associated or not with ferrous sulfate (FS), manganese chloride (MC), peroxidase (PR), or catalase (CT) - was applied (3x 15 min) to enamel/dentin discs adapted to artificial pulp chambers. Then, odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells were exposed for 1 h to the extracts (culture medium + components released from the product), for the assessment of viability (MTT assay) and oxidative stress (H2DCFDA). Residual H2O2 and bleaching effectiveness (DE) were also evaluated. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA complemented with Tukey's test (n=8. p<0.05). Results All chemically activated groups minimized MDPC-23 oxidative stress generation; however, significantly higher cell viability was detected for MC, PR, and CT than for plain 35% H2O2 gel. Nevertheless, FS, MC, PR, and CT reduced the amount of residual H2O2 and increased bleaching effectiveness. Conclusion Chemical activation of 35% H2O2 gel with MC, PR, and CT minimized residual H2O2 and pulp cell toxicity; but PR duplicated the whitening potential of the bleaching gel after a single 45-minute session.


Subject(s)
Tooth Bleaching/methods , Tooth Bleaching Agents/toxicity , Tooth Bleaching Agents/chemistry , Hydrogen Peroxide/toxicity , Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry , Reference Values , Time Factors , Ferrous Compounds/chemistry , Catalase/chemistry , Cell Survival , Cells, Cultured , Chlorides/chemistry , Reproducibility of Results , Analysis of Variance , Manganese Compounds/chemistry , Color , Peroxidase/chemistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Dental Pulp/chemistry , Dental Pulp/diagnostic imaging , Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/chemistry , Odontoblasts/drug effects
2.
Braz. dent. j ; 28(3): 287-295, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888644

ABSTRACT

Abstract Innovative biomaterials can provide a promising new direction for the treatment of bone defects, stimulating a proper repair process, with no damage to adjacent tissues. The purpose of this in vivo study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and the osteoinductive capacity of chitosan-collagen biomembrane and scaffold containing calcium aluminate cement. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were distributed according to the experimental times of analysis (7, 15 and 30 days). Four bone defects were created in the rabbits calvaria, which were individually filled with the biomembrane, scaffold, blood clot (negative control) and autologous bone (positive control). Histopathological analysis was performed using optical microscope at 32´, 64´, 125´ and 320´ magnifications. Cell response to inflammation and new bone tissue formation was quantified using a score system. The biomembrane group presented greater inflammatory response at 15 days, with significant difference to autologous bone group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference for foreign body type reaction among groups (p>0.05). Concerning new bone formation, linear closure of the defect area was observed more evidently in the group with autologous bone. The scaffold group presented similar results compared with the autologous bone group at 30 days (p>0.05). Both tested biomaterials presented similar biocompatibility compared with the control groups. In addition, the biomembrane and scaffold presented similar osteoinductive capacity, stimulating bone repair process in the course of the experimental time intervals.


Resumo Biomateriais inovadores podem fornecer uma promissora nova direção para o tratamento de defeitos ósseos, estimulando um processo de reparo adequado, sem danos aos tecidos adjacentes. O objetivo deste estudo in vivo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade e a capacidade osteoindutora de uma biomembrana e um scaffold compostos por colágeno e quitosana, contendo cimento de aluminato de cálcio. Dezoito coelhos (New Zealand White, Oryctolagus cuniculus) foram distribuídos de acordo com os períodos experimentais de análise (7, 15 e 30 dias). Quatro defeitos foram criados na calvaria dos coelhos, que foram individualmente preenchidos com a biomembrana, scaffold, coágulo (controle negativo) e osso autólogo (controle positivo). A avaliação histopatológica foi realizada em microscópio óptico em aumentos de 32´, 64´, 125´ e 320´. A resposta celular à inflamação e à formação de novo tecido ósseo foi quantificada utilizando um sistema de escore. O grupo da biomembrana apresentou maior resposta inflamatória no período de 15 dias, com diferença significativa para o grupo do osso autólogo (p<0,05). Não houve diferença estatística significante para a reação do tipo corpo estranho entre os grupos (p>0,05). Em relação à neoformação óssea, observou-se fechamento linear da área do defeito, que foi mais evidente no grupo em que se utilizou o osso autólogo. O grupo scaffold apresentou resultados semelhantes ao grupo do osso autólogo no período de 30 dias (p>0,05). Ambos os biomateriais testados apresentaram biocompatibilidade similar em comparação com os grupos controle. Além disso, a biomembrana e o scaffold apresentaram capacidade osteoindutora similar, estimulando o reparo ósseo ao longo dos intervalos de tempo experimentais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Biocompatible Materials , Bone and Bones/drug effects , Collagen/chemistry , Calcium Compounds/chemistry , Aluminum Compounds/chemistry , Dental Cements/chemistry , Chitosan/chemistry , Tissue Scaffolds , Membranes, Artificial , Bone and Bones/abnormalities , Bone Development , Foreign-Body Reaction/pathology , Inflammation/pathology
3.
Braz. dent. j ; 28(2): 165-171, mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839141

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of root canal sealers under conditions closely resembling a clinical reality. A primary human fibroblast cell line was seeded in 24-well acrylic plates with Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10% serum fetal bovine (SFB) and incubated for 24 h. Root canals from premolars were filled and individually attached to nylon devices to be stabilized in the wells with the already seeded cells. Specimens were divided into groups as follows: Control: gutta-percha cones (GPC); AH Plus+GPC; Sealapex+GPC; MTA Fillapex+GPC and Endofill+GPC. After 24 and 48 h, cell viability and morphology were evaluated by MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney test, complemented by Kruskal Wallis test (p<0.05). Only Endofill presented cytotoxicity after 24 h. MTA Fillapex and Endofill reduced the production of succinic desidrogenase after 48 h. AH Plus was non-toxic at any time point. SEM showed that the AH Plus and MTA Fillapex groups presented fibroblasts with morphology close to the control group, while the Endofill group presented few cells with thin extensions cells. The present study showed that good results were present in AH Plus and Sealapex, but not the Endofill group after 48 h. The method used enabled evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the studied sealers that diffused through the root apex.


Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a citotoxicidade dos cimentos dos canais radiculares em condições próximas à realidade clinica. Uma linhagem primária de fibrolastos humanos foi semeada em placas acrílicas de 24-poços com meio de cultura Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium suplementado com 10% de soro fetal bovino e incubados por 24 h. Os canais radiculares de pré-molares foram obturados e individualmente adaptados aos dispositivos de nylon para serem estabilizados nos poços com as células já semeadas. Amostras foram dividas de acordo com os grupos: Controle: cones de gutta-percha (CGP); AH Plus+CGP; Sealapex+CGP; MTA Fillapex+CGP e Endofill+CGP. Após 24 e 48 h, a viabilidade e a morfologia celular foram avaliadas pelo ensaio de MTT e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), respectivamente. Análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo teste de Mann-Whitney, complementadas por Kruskal Wallis (p<0,05). Apenas o Endofill apresentou citotoxicidade após 24 h. MTA Fillapex e Endofill reduziram a produção da enzima desidrogenase succinica após 48 h. AH Plus não apresentou toxicidade em nenhum momento. MEV mostrou que os grupos AH Plus e o MTA Fillapex apresentaram fibroblastos com morfologia próxima ao grupo controle, enquanto que o grupo do Endofill apresentou poucas células com finos prolongamentos. O presente estudo demonstrou que resultados satisfatórios foram apresentados nos grupos AH Plus e Sealapex, mas não para o Endofill após 48 h. O método utilizado permitiu avaliar a citotoxicidade dos cimentos que se difundem pelo ápice radicular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Root Canal Filling Materials/toxicity , Tooth Root/drug effects , Models, Biological , In Vitro Techniques , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Cell Line , Culture Media
4.
Braz. dent. j ; 28(1): 57-64, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839113

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of a calcium aluminate cement (EndoBinder) containing different radiopacifiers, Bi2O3, ZnO or ZrO2, compared with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). According to ISO 10993-12:2012 (E) recommendations, 0.2 g of each cement were applied in transwell inserts and placed in 24-well culture plates containing 1 mL of culture medium (DMEM). After 24 h of incubation, the extracts (DMEM containing components released from the cements) were applied to immortalized odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells. Cell viability (MTT test), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), total protein production and cell morphology (Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM) were evaluated. The volume of 50 µL of extract was used to determine the chemical elements released by the cements using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The following groups were established (n=6): NC - negative control (without treatment); EB - EndoBinder without radiopacifier; EBBO - EndoBinder+Bi2O3; EBZnO - EndoBinder+ZnO; EBZrO - EndoBinder+ZrO2 and WMTA - White MTA. Data were subjected to statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis test, level of significance=5%). Cells exposed to the different versions of EndoBinder presented small reduction in viability, total protein production and ALP activity, with values similar to the NC and WMTA groups (p>0.05). Different elements (C, O, Na, Al, P, Si, Cl, Bi, K) released by the cements were detected in the extracts. However, the cells had no significant changes in their morphology. EndoBinder and MTA did not affect negatively the metabolism of the odontoblastic-like cells, showing it to be cytocompatible, irrespective of the used radiopacifier.


Resumo Este estudo avaliou a citotoxicidade de um cimento de aluminato de cálcio (EndoBinder) contendo diferentes radiopacificadores, Bi2O3, ZnO ou ZrO2, comparativamente ao trióxido mineral agregado (MTA). Seguindo a norma ISO 10993-12:2012 (E), 0,2 g de cada cimento foi aplicada em insertos transwell, que foram colocados em placas de cultura de 24 wells contendo 1 mL de meio de cultura (DMEM). Após 24 h de incubação, os extratos (DMEM contendo componentes liberados dos cimentos) foram aplicados sobre células pulpares imortalizadas MDPC-23. Viabilidade celular (teste de MTT), atividade da fosfatase alcalina (ALP), produção de proteína total e a morfologia das células (Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura - MEV) foram avaliadas. Um volume de 50 µL do extrato foi utilizado para determinar, através de Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), os elementos químicos liberados pelos cimentos. Os seguintes grupos foram estabelecidos (n=6): NC - controle negativo (sem tratamento); EB - EndoBinder sem radiopacificador; EBBO - EndoBinder+Bi2O3; EBZnO - EndoBinder+ZnO; EBZrO - EndoBinder+ZrO2 e WMTA - MTA branco. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística (teste de Kruskal-Wallis, nível de significância=5%). Células expostas às diferentes versões de EndoBinder apresentaram pequena redução na viabilidade, produção de proteína total e atividade da ALP, com valores semelhantes aos grupos NC e WMTA (p>0,05). Diversos elementos (C, O, Na, Al, P, Si, Cl, Bi, K) liberados pelos cimentos foram detectados nos extratos. Entretanto, as células não apresentaram alterações significativas em sua morfologia. EndoBinder e MTA, não afetaram negativamente o metabolismo das células odontoblastóides, mostrando-se citocompatíveis, independente do radiopacificador utilizado.


Subject(s)
Animals , Calcium Compounds/toxicity , Aluminum Compounds/toxicity , Dental Cements/toxicity , Oxides/toxicity , Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission , Cell Line, Transformed , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Cell Survival/drug effects , Silicates/toxicity , Drug Combinations
5.
Braz. dent. j ; 27(5): 485-491, Sept.-Oct. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828049

ABSTRACT

Abstract Fibroblasts participate in the wound repair process through proliferation and migration as well as the synthesis of factors growth and extracellular matrix molecules. However, cell aging and the individual himself can lead to reduction of cell functions and consequently, the ability of tissue repair. This study evaluated the activity of gingival fibroblasts from young (Y) and elderly (Y) patients and their responsiveness to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a). Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from six patients (3Y; and 3E) and seeded in complete culture medium (DMEM). For cell viability analysis, total protein production and collagen synthesis, fibroblasts were cultured in 96-well plates for 24, 48 or 72 h (n=36). Cell responses to TNF-a, was evaluated by application of this cytokine to cultured cells (100 ng/mL) for 24 h, followed by evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and CCL5 production (n=36). Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney U tests (a = 0.05). Viability of E fibroblasts was higher than Y fibroblasts for 24 and 48 h, but these cells showed gradual reduction of viability over the course of time. For Y cells, reduced collagen synthesis was observed at 48 h. No difference was observed in ROS production for both cells after TNF-a exposure. However, both cultures showed increased production of NO and CCL5 in the presence of TNF-a. Functional differences and distinct responsiveness to TNF-a were observed according to patient's age.


Resumo Fibroblastos participam no processo de reparação de ferida através da proliferação e migração, bem como a síntese de fatores de crescimento e moléculas da matriz extracelular. No entanto, o envelhecimento celular e o próprio indivíduo podem levar à redução de funções celulares e, consequentemente, a capacidade de reparação de tecidos. Este estudo avaliou a atividade dos fibroblastos gengivais de pacientes jovens (J) e idosos (I) e sua capacidade de resposta frente ao fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-a). Fibroblastos gengivais foram isolados de seis pacientes (3J e 3I) e semeados em meio de cultura completo (DMEM). Para a análise de viabilidade celular, a produção de proteína total e a síntese de colágeno, fibroblastos foram cultivados em placas de 96 poços, durante 24, 48 ou 72 h (n = 36). Respostas celulares frente ao TNF-a, foram avaliadas por aplicação desta citocina (100 ng/mL) nas células cultivadas durante 24 h, seguida por avaliação de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), produção de óxido nítrico (NO) e produção CCL5 (n= 36). Os dados foram analisados por testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney U (a = 0,05). A viabilidade de fibroblastos I foi mais elevada do que os fibroblastos J para 24 e 48 h, mas estas células mostraram uma redução gradual de viabilidade ao longo do tempo. Para as células de J, foi observada redução da síntese de colágeno em 48 h. Não foi observada diferença na produção de EROs para ambas as células após exposição ao TNF-a. No entanto, ambas as culturas apresentaram aumento da produção de NO e CCL5 na presença de TNF-a. Diferenças funcionais e alteração na capacidade de resposta ao TNF-a foram observadas de acordo com a idade do paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Gingiva/cytology , Fibroblasts/cytology
6.
Braz. dent. j ; 27(4): 375-380, July-Aug. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794611

ABSTRACT

Abstract Phototherapy has been indicated as an adjunctive treatment for tissue repair, including the pulp tissue. However, there are no defined irradiation parameters, which is a great challenge to the clinical use of phototherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phototherapy with red LED on odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells, using different parameter settings. Cells were seeded (104 cells/cm²), incubated for 12 h in complete DMEM and then the culture medium was replaced by DMEM supplemented with 0.5% FBS. After 12 h incubation, irradiations were performed (630±10 nm) using a LEDTable device with a 20 or 40 mW/cm² power density and 2 J/cm² energy dose. The cells were irradiated 1 or 3 times, at 1 min intervals. Non-irradiated cells served as control. The cells were evaluated for viability (MTT assay), total protein dosage (Lowry method) and number of viable cells (Trypan blue). The data (n=12 per group) were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p=0.05). A single irradiation with 20 or 40 mW/cm² enhanced cell viability, which was negatively affected after 3 consecutive irradiations. Cells irradiated only once with 20 mW/cm² produced more proteins compared with those irradiated with 40 mW/cm². Reduction in the number of viable cells occurred only after 3 consecutive irradiations with 40 mW/cm². In conclusion, red LED was capable of biomodulating the metabolic activities of cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. The best cell biostimulation was obtained when a single irradiation with 2 J/cm2 energy dose and 20 mW/cm2 power density was delivered to the pulp cells.


Resumo Fototerapia tem sido indicada como um tratamento adjuvante para o reparo de tecidos, incluindo o tecido pulpar. Entretanto, não há parâmetros de irradiação definidos, o que representa um grande desafio para o uso clínico da fototerapia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da fototerapia com LED vermelho em células MDPC-23 com fenótipo odontoblastóide, usando vários parâmetros. As células foram semeadas (104 células/cm2), incubadas por 12 h em DMEM completo e então o meio de cultura foi trocado por DMEM com 0,5% SFB. Após 12 h de incubação, as irradiações foram realizadas (630±10 nm) usando um dispositivo com densidade de potência de 20 ou 40 mW/cm2 e dose de energia de 2 J/cm2. As células foram irradiadas 1 ou 3 vezes, com intervalos de 1 min. Células não irradiadas serviram como controle. Foram avaliadas a viabilidade (ensaio de MTT), dosagem de proteína total (método de Lowry) e número de células viáveis (ensaio de Trypan blue). Os dados (n=12 por grupo) foram submetidos aos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (p=0,05). Uma única irradiação com 20 ou 40 mW/cm2 aumentou a viabilidade celular, a qual foi negativamente afetada após 3 irradiações. Células irradiadas apenas uma vez com 20 mW/cm2 produziram mais proteínas comparadas com aquelas irradiadas com 40 mW/cm2. Redução no número de células viáveis ocorreu apenas após 3 irradiações com 40 mw/cm2. Em conclusão, o LED vermelho foi capaz de biomodular a atividade metabólica de células MDPC-23. A melhor bioestimulação celular foi obtida quando uma única irradiação com dose de energia de 2 J/cm2 e densidade de potência de 20 mW/cm2 foi administrada às células pulpares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Odontoblasts/metabolism , Phototherapy , Cells, Cultured
7.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 30(1): e54, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952061

ABSTRACT

Abstract The development of biomaterials capable of driving dental pulp stem cell differentiation into odontoblast-like cells able to secrete reparative dentin is the goal of current conservative dentistry. In the present investigation, a biomembrane (BM) composed of a chitosan/collagen matrix embedded with calcium-aluminate microparticles was tested. The BM was produced by mixing collagen gel with a chitosan solution (2:1), and then adding bioactive calcium-aluminate cement as the mineral phase. An inert material (polystyrene) was used as the negative control. Human dental pulp cells were seeded onto the surface of certain materials, and the cytocompatibility was evaluated by cell proliferation and cell morphology, assessed after 1, 7, 14 and 28 days in culture. The odontoblastic differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, total protein production, gene expression of DMP-1/DSPP and mineralized nodule deposition. The pulp cells were able to attach onto the BM surface and spread, displaying a faster proliferative rate at initial periods than that of the control cells. The BM also acted on the cells to induce more intense ALP activity, protein production at 14 days, and higher gene expression of DSPP and DMP-1 at 28 days, leading to the deposition of about five times more mineralized matrix than the cells in the control group. Therefore, the experimental biomembrane induced the differentiation of pulp cells into odontoblast-like cells featuring a highly secretory phenotype. This innovative bioactive material can drive other protocols for dental pulp exposure treatment by inducing the regeneration of dentin tissue mediated by resident cells.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stem Cells/drug effects , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Collagen/pharmacology , Calcium Compounds/pharmacology , Aluminum Compounds/pharmacology , Dental Pulp/chemistry , Chitosan/pharmacology , Membranes, Artificial , Time Factors , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Gene Expression , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Reproducibility of Results , Analysis of Variance , Collagen/chemistry , Calcium Compounds/chemistry , Aluminum Compounds/chemistry , Dentin/drug effects , Dentinogenesis , Chitosan/chemistry , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Alkaline Phosphatase , Odontoblasts/drug effects
8.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 30(1): e122, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951982

ABSTRACT

Abstract Osteonecrosis of the jaw is an adverse effect of bisphosphonates. While the etiopathogenesis of this condition has been investigated, the interactions and effects of bisphosphonates on oral mucosa cells remain unclear. It is hypothesized that cell culture models, such as co-culture or three-dimensional cell culture models, can provide valuable insight. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) on epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts in a co-culture model. Briefly, epithelial cells were seeded on transwell inserts and gingival fibroblasts were seeded in the lower well of 24-well plates. The latter were treated with ZA (5 μM) for 24 or 48 h. Cell viability and synthesis of the inflammatory chemokine, CCL2, were subsequently assessed. Data were subjected to statistical analysis with a 5% significance level. In the presence of ZA, the epithelial cells exhibited significant toxicity in both cell culture models and at both time points. However, greater cytotoxicity was observed in the co-culture model. Greater viability for the gingival fibroblasts was also associated with the co-culture model, and ZA-mediated toxicity was observed for the 48 h time point. ZA promoted a significant increase in CCL2 synthesis in both sets of cells, with greater CCL2 synthesis detected in the gingival fibroblasts. However, this effect was diminished in the co-culture model. Taken together, these results confirm the specific response patterns of the cells seeded in the co-culture model and also demonstrate the protective mechanism that is mediated by epithelial/mesenchymal cell interactions upon exposure to ZA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Culture Techniques/methods , Diphosphonates/pharmacology , Epithelial Cells/drug effects , Bone Density Conservation Agents/pharmacology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Time Factors , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Reproducibility of Results , Analysis of Variance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Coculture Techniques , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Zoledronic Acid , Gingiva/cytology
9.
Braz. dent. j ; 26(4): 409-415, July-Aug. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-756394

ABSTRACT

Despite several reports regarding tissue regeneration, including pulp repair induced by different light sources, only limited data have been reported concerning the effects of light-emitting diodes (LED) on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different energy densities of infrared LED on the cell viability, number of cells and mineralized tissue production by SHEDs. SHEDs were obtained from near-exfoliation primary teeth (n=3), seeded in plain DMEM (104 cells/cm2), and irradiated by a LED prototype (LEDTable 850 nm, 40 mW/cm2) delivering 0 (control), 2, 4, 8, 15 or 30 J/cm2 (n=9). Cell viability (MTT assay), cell proliferation (trypan blue assay), and mineralized nodule (MN) formation (alizarin red stain) were assessed 12 and 72 h post-irradiation. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Cells irradiated with 2 or 4 J/cm2 exhibited higher metabolism at 72 h, and all energy densities provided increase in cell proliferation after 12 h. Regarding MN formation, the best results were observed at 72 h after SHED irradiation with 8 and 15 J/cm2. It was concluded that the cell viability, cell number and MN formation by pulp cells are enhanced after exposure to infrared LED irradiation. Overall, the greatest SHED biostimulation was obtained with 4 and 8 J/cm2.

.

Apesar de diversos estudos envolvendo regeneração tecidual, incluindo o reparo pulpar induzido por diferentes fontes de luz, dados limitados têm sido reportados a respeito dos efeitos da irradiação com diodos emissores de luz (LED) sobre células-tronco de dentes decíduos esfoliados (SHEDs). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes doses de energia (DE) do LED infravermelho sobre a viabilidade celular, número de células viáveis e produção de nódulos mineralizados (NM) por SHEDs. As células foram obtidas a partir de dentes decíduos próximos ao período de esfoliação (n=3), semeadas em DMEM completo (104 células/cm2) e irradiadas utilizando um protótipo de LED (LEDTable 850 nm, 40 mW/cm2) com as doses de 0 (controle), 2, 4, 8, 15 ou 30 J/cm2 (n=9). A viabilidade celular (MTT), o número de células viáveis (trypan blue assay) e a formação de NM (alizarin red stain) foram realizados 12 e 72 h após a irradiação. Os dados foram avaliados utilizando os testes Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (α=0,05). As células irradiadas com 2 ou 4 J/cm2 exibiram uma maior viabilidade em 72 h, e todas as DE aumentaram o número de células viáveis após 12 h. Para a formação de NM, os melhores resultados foram observados 72 h após a irradição das SHEDs, com as doses de 8 e 15 J/cm2. Concluiu-se que a viabilidade celular, o número de células e a formação de NM por células pulpares são aumentados após exposição ao LED infravermelho. De um modo geral, a melhor bioestimulação celular (SHEDs) foi obtida com 4 e 8 J/cm2.

.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infrared Rays , Stem Cells/drug effects , Tooth/radiation effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Tooth/cytology
10.
Braz. dent. j ; 25(5): 367-371, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-731047

ABSTRACT

This in vitro study evaluated the potential protective effect of vitamin E alpha-tocopherol (α-T) isomer against the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide (HP) applied on dental pulp cells. Odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells were seeded on 96-well plates for 72 h, treated with different concentrations of α-T (1, 3, 5, and 10 mM) for different times (1, 4, 8, and 24 h) and then exposed or not to a 0.018% HP solution for 30 min. In positive and negative control groups, cells were exposed to HP or culture medium (DMEM containing 5% DMSO), respectively. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay and the absorbance numeric data, expressed as percentage values, were subjected to the statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=5%). Considering the cells in the negative control as having 100% of cell viability, all combinations of α-T concentrations and pretreatment times showed a protective effect against HP cytotoxicity. Significant reduction of cell viability (59%) was observed in the positive control compared with the negative control. The highest values of pulp cell viability were obtained after pretreatment with 1 and 3 mM α-T concentrations for 24 h followed by exposure to HP (126% and 97% of cell viability, respectively). Under the tested conditions, the most effective cell protection against the cytotoxic effects of HP was provided by the lowest concentrations of α-T (1 and 3 mM) applied for 24 h.


Neste estudo, foi avaliado o potencial protetor do isômero alfa-tocoferol da vitamina E (-T) contra a ação tóxica do peróxido de hidrogênio (PH) aplicado sobre células pulpares. Células odontoblastóides MDPC-23 foram semeadas em placas de 96 compartimentos por 72 h, tratadas com diferentes concentrações de α-T (1, 3, 5 e 10 mM) por diferentes períodos (1, 4, 8 e 24 h) e, então, expostas ou não a uma solução com 0,0018% de PH por 30 min. Nos controles positivo e negativo, as células foram expostas ao PH ou meio de cultura (DMEM contendo 5% de DMSO), respectivamente. A viabilidade celular foi avaliada pelo teste do MTT e os valores numéricos de absorbância, expressos em porcentagem, foram submetidos a análise estatística pelos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (α=5%). Considerando as células do grupo controle negativo como apresentando 100% de viabilidade celular, todas as combinações de α-T, nas diferentes concentrações, e tempos de pré-tratamento demonstraram um efeito protetor contra a citotoxicidade do PH. Redução significativa da viabilidade (59%) foi observada para o grupo controle positivo comparado ao controle negativo. Os maiores valores de viabilidade celular foram obtidos após pré-tratamento com 1 e 3 mM de α-T por 24 h seguido de exposição ao PH (126% e 97% de viabilidade celular, respectivamente). Assim, de acordo com as condições experimentais, o efeito protetor mais efetivo contra os efeitos tóxicos do PH foi observado para as menores concentrações de α-T (1 e 3 mM) aplicado por 24 h.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Esophagus/cytology , Telomerase/metabolism , Telomere/metabolism , Apoptosis/physiology , Cell Line , Cell Size , Cell Division/physiology , Epithelial Cells/cytology , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Papillomaviridae/metabolism
11.
Braz. dent. j ; 24(6): 551-558, Nov-Dec/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697652

ABSTRACT

Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis has been related to the cytotoxicity of these drugs on oral mucosa cells. A previous study showed that 5 µM of zoledronic acid (ZA), a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, is the highest concentration of this drug found in the oral cavity of patients under treatment. Therefore, in order to simulate an osteonecrosis clinical condition, the aim of this study was to evaluate the highest concentration of ZA applied on human epithelial cells (HaCaT) and gingival fibroblasts. For this purpose, cells (3×104 cells/cm2) were seeded in wells for 48 h using complete culture medium (cDMEM). After 48 h incubation, the cDMEM was replaced by fresh serum-free culture medium (DMEM-FBS) in which the cells were maintained for additional 24 h. Then, 5 µM ZA were added to the DMEM–FBS and the cells incubated in contact with the drug for 48 h. After this period, the number of viable cells (trypan blue), cell viability (MTT assay), total protein (TP) production and cell morphology (SEM analysis) were assessed. Data were analyzed statistically by Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). ZA caused a significant reduction in the number of viable cells and decreased the metabolic activity of both cell lines. However, decrease of TP production occurred only in the epithelial cell cultures. Morphological alterations were observed in both cell types treated with ZA. In conclusion, ZA (5 µM) was cytotoxic to human epithelial cells and gingival fibroblast cultures, which could be associated, clinically, with the development of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis.


A osteonecrose induzida por bisfosfonatos tem sido associada a um efeito citotóxico destes medicamentos sobre as células da mucosa oral. Um estudo recente demonstrou que 5 µM de ácido zoledrônico (AZ), um potente bisfosfonato nitrogenado, foi a maior concentração encontrada na cavidade oral da pacientes em tratamento com este medicamento. Portanto, para simular esta condição in vivo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação desta concentração de AZ sobre células epiteliais (HaCaT) e fibroblasto de gengiva. As células foram semeadas (3×104 células/cm2) e incubadas por 48 h em placas de 24 compartimentos, utilizando meio de cultura completo (cDMEM). Após permanecer por 24 h em DMEM sem soro fetal bovino (DMEM-SFB), 5 µM do AZ foram adicionados a este meio de cultura, o qual foi incubado em contato com as células por 48 h. Após este período, foram avaliados o número de células viáveis (trypan blue), viabilidade celular (teste de MTT), produção de proteína total e a morfologia celular (MEV). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos de Mann-Whitney e ANOVA complementada por testes de Tukey (p>0,05). Foi demonstrado que o AZ causou diminuição significativa no número de células viáveis, além de redução do metabolismo celular para ambos os tipos celulares avaliados. Porém, redução na produção de proteína total ocorreu apenas para as células epiteliais. Alterações morfológicas foram observadas em ambos os tipos celulares tratados com AZ. Estes dados científicos indicam que a concentração de AZ avaliada neste estudo (5 µM) apresenta ação citotóxica sobre células epiteliais e fibroblastos de gengiva, o que poderia estar associado, clinicamente, ao desenvolvimento da osteonecrose induzida por bisfosfonatos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Density Conservation Agents/toxicity , Diphosphonates/toxicity , Epithelial Cells/drug effects , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Gingiva/cytology , Imidazoles/toxicity , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/etiology , Cell Count , Cells, Cultured , Cell Survival/drug effects , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , In Vitro Techniques , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
12.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 49(5): 368-371, Oct. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697113

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid (ZA), have frequently shown oral bone exposure areas, termed osteonecrosis. In addition, these patients may also present low repair and regeneration potential, mainly after tooth extractions. These side-effects caused by bisphosphonates may be due to their inhibitory effects on oral mucosa and local bone cells. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of ZA on the mineralization capacity of cultured osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human immortalized osteoblasts (SaOs-2) were grown in plain culture medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium [DMEM] + 10% fetal bovine serum [FBS]) in wells of 24-well plates. After 48-hour incubation, the plain DMEM was replaced by a solution with ZA at 5 µM which was maintained in contact with cells for seven, 14 or 21 days. After these periods, cells were evaluated regarding alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineral nodule formation (alizarin red). Data were statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney test, at 5% of significance level. RESULTS: ZA caused significant reduction on ALP activity and mineral nodules formation by cultured osteoblasts in all evaluated periods (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These data indicate that ZA causes inhibition on the osteogenic phenotype of cultured human osteoblasts, which, in turn, may reduce bone repair in patients subjected to ZA therapy.


INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes em tratamento com bisfosfonatos, sobretudo com os nitrogenados, como o ácido zoledrônico (AZ), têm apresentado áreas de exposição de tecido ósseo na cavidade oral, caracterizadas como osteonecrose. Essas áreas apresentam limitada capacidade de reparo, principalmente após exodontias. Esses efeitos podem ser resultado do efeito inibitório causado por esse tipo de medicamento sobre as células da mucosa e do tecido ósseo local. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do AZ sobre a capacidade de mineralização de osteoblastos in vitro. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foi utilizada uma linhagem celular de osteoblastos humanos (SaOs-2). As células foram cultivadas em meio de cultura completo (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium [DMEM] + 10% de soro fetal bovino [SFB]). Após 48 horas de incubação, o DMEM completo foi substituído por um novo DMEM sem SFB, ao qual foram adicionados 5 µM de AZ. Essa solução foi mantida em contato com as células por sete, 14 ou 21 dias. Após esse período, as células foram avaliadas quanto à atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e à produção de nódulos de mineralização (alizarin red). Os dados foram submetidos ao teste estatístico de Mann-Whitney, considerando nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: A exposição das células ao AZ causou redução significativa na atividade de ALP e na formação de nódulos mineralizados em todos os períodos avaliados (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Esses resultados revelam que o AZ causa alteração inibitória no fenótipo osteogênico das células humanas em cultura, o que pode reduzir a capacidade de reparo do tecido ósseo após o contato com esse tipo de medicamento.

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